Web3 Token Standard: From Homogeneity to Programmable Value Carrier Revolution

2025-08-30

By 2025, the cross-chain NFT auction platform of HashKey Exchange in Hong Kong can realize the cross-border transaction of a single digital artwork in only 1.2 seconds, and the processing amount exceeds 1 billion USD/day. Its underlying support is the technological breakthrough of Web3 token standards such as ERC-721. As the "digital protocol language" of the blockchain world, the token standard defines asset attributes through standardized interfaces, enabling seamless interaction between different blockchain applications and promoting value innovation in fields such as finance, art, and gaming.

ERC-20: Global Token for Homogeneous Assets

ERC-20 defines the core rules for token publishing and trading, requiring smart contracts to implement interfaces such as totalSupply () , transfer () , and approve () . This standardized design enables tokens such as USDT and UNI to circulate freely in tools such as MetaMask wallet and Uniswap exchange, supporting more than 90% of Ethereum DeFi applications. After integrating the ERC-20 protocol, HashKey Exchange's DeFi aggregator will process more than 180 million transactions in 2025, reducing the average Gas fee by 50%.

Stablecoins (such as USDC) achieve value storage through ERC-20, while governance tokens (such as COMP) give users control over the protocol through this standard. A decentralized insurance protocol votes on claims rules through ERC-20 tokens, and users can participate in decision-making by pledging tokens. HashKey Exchange's compliance framework supports multi-chain ERC-20 token transactions. By 2025, it will process cross-border asset mapping of over 80 million Hong Kong dollars, reducing transaction fees by 40%.

ERC-721: Digital ID card for non-homogeneous assets

ERC-721 assigns a unique ID to each token, combined with the balanceOf () (balance query) and ownerOf () (ownership query) interfaces, ensuring that assets are indivisible and traceable. Digital artists use this standard to mint paintings into NFTs, record creation time, royalty rate (15%), and transaction history on the chain, and achieve permanent copyright certification. HashKey Exchange's cross-chain gateway supports cross-chain transactions of ERC-721 tokens, processing over 100,000 blue-chip NFT transactions in 2025, and increasing asset liquidity by 200%.

ERC-721 allows the association of off-chain metadata (such as images and descriptions of works stored in IPFS) through the tokenURI interface. A commercial real estate platform splits property rights into ERC-721 tokens, and holders can view house floor plans, property certificates, and participate in rental allocation voting through metadata. After integrating this mechanism into the compliance framework of HashKey Exchange, more than 2 million real asset tokenization transactions will be processed in 2025, and the circulation efficiency will be improved by 10 times.

III. ERC-1155: A semi-homogeneous and flexible solution

ERC-1155 supports both homogeneous and non-fungible tokens in a single contract, and achieves batch operations through the safeBatchTransferFrom () interface, reducing Gas costs by 70%. Game developers can manage game currency (homogeneous) and limited items (non-homogeneous) in one contract, and players automatically receive multiple types of tokens when purchasing "asset packs". The NFT market of HashKey Exchange supports the ERC-1155 standard, processing more than 500,000 Game Prop transactions in 2025, and the transaction confirmation time has been shortened from 2 minutes to 2 seconds.

A music festival uses ERC-1155 publish ticket tokens. Holders can split part of their equity for resale and automatically receive NFTs for backstage visits. In the supply chain scenario, each batch of goods corresponds to a unique ID of ERC-1155 tokens, and the entire logistics process is recorded through blockchain. HashKey Exchange's cross-chain lending platform integrates this standard. Users can borrow liquidity by pledging ERC-1155 tokens. By 2025, the loan amount will exceed 600 billion Hong Kong dollars, and the fund utilization rate will increase by 40%.